Bessel Van Der Kolk - The Body Keeps the Score

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One of the most profound ideas in this episode is that trauma is not simply an event—it is the way the brain adapts to that event. As Bessel explains, our minds construct a “map of the world” based on past experiences, and that map determines how we interpret everything that follows. Two people can experience the same situation and walk away with completely different realities.

This becomes especially important when trauma is unresolved. It doesn’t stay in the past—it shows up in present reactions, often disproportionate to the situation. As discussed in the episode, someone may react strongly not because of what’s happening now, but because of what happened years ago.

Another key breakthrough is the understanding that trauma lives in the body. Feelings like anxiety, dread, or stress are not abstract—they manifest physically: tight shoulders, shallow breathing, or a clenched gut. As highlighted in the transcript, “heartbreak” and “gut-wrenching” are not just metaphors—they are literal bodily experiences .

Healing, therefore, cannot be purely intellectual. It must involve the body. Movement, breathwork, and physical awareness become essential tools for releasing stored trauma. Even posture plays a role—standing upright, opening the chest, and adopting a “position of joy” can directly influence emotional state.

Perhaps the most liberating idea explored is the concept of breaking out of the “trauma trap.” Through imagination, creativity, and even theatrical expression, we can step into new roles and identities. This creates distance from old patterns and opens the door to new ways of being.

Habits, Tools & Mental Models